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Đờn ca tài tử, known in English as "Southern Vietnamese chamber music" or commonly referred to as "Đờn ca tài tử music," is a form of traditional folk music that originated in southern Vietnam. This art form blends instrumental and vocal performances, often featuring the use of traditional Vietnamese stringed instruments such as the đàn tranh zither, đàn kìm lute, and đàn ghita phím lõm modified guitar. Đờn ca tài tử musicians are usually amateurs who gather to perform in an intimate setting, hence the term "chamber music." The term "tài tử" implies virtuosity and mastery, as performers strive to showcase their skill and emotional depth through improvisation and expressive melodies.

Dating back to the late nineteenth century, Đờn ca tài tử has become an integral part of the cultural identity of southern Vietnam, especially in the Mekong Delta region. Its repertoire consists of more than twenty main musical pieces, each composed with distinct melodic and rhythmic patterns rooted in the court and folk music traditions. The lyrics often explore themes of love, nostalgia, rural life, history, and national pride, reflecting the sentiment and daily experiences of local people. Đờn ca tài tử sessions are typically informal, allowing musicians and singers to interact closely with their audience, creating a warm and communal atmosphere.

In 2013, UNESCO recognized Đờn ca tài tử as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, highlighting its significance as a living tradition that preserves and transmits the values of Vietnamese community spirit, creativity, and heritage. Today, the art continues to thrive thanks to dedicated artists who pass the practice down through generations, organizing festivals and workshops to ensure its sustainability. Whether experienced in rural gathering circles or city cultural events, Đờn ca tài tử remains cherished for its soulful expression and vital role in linking past and present within Vietnam’s rich musical tapestry.

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